Afshan Mughai & Anor v Busola Samuel-Ougundana

Decision date: 29 September 2025

Neutral citation: [2025] UKUT 318 (LC)

Overall AI summary confidence: high

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Short overview

This short overview is intended to summarise the case, issues and outcome so far as they are supported by the judgment.

AI confidence in this short overview: high

The Upper Tribunal allowed landlords' appeal and set aside a rent repayment order made by the First-tier Tribunal because the FTT had served proceedings and directions on the landlords' letting agent without evidence that the landlords had authorised service on the agent. The landlords did not receive notice, did not attend the hearing, and only learned of the order many months later; consequently the order was set aside. The respondent may apply to the FTT for directions if she wishes to pursue the claim further.

Ratio decidendi

This summary is intended to identify the ratio decidendi, meaning the legal reasons for deciding and the binding part of the decision.

AI confidence in this ratio decidendi summary: high

A tribunal must serve proceedings and directions on the party entitled to notice and may not treat an agent as the recipient of service without evidence of the party's written authority to accept service through that agent; where service is made on an agent without such authority and the party therefore lacks required notice, any decision reached in their absence may be set aside for procedural unfairness.

Obiter dicta

This summary is intended to identify obiter dicta, meaning observations made by the way that were not necessary to deciding the case and are not binding.

AI confidence in this obiter dicta summary: high

The tribunal suggested that the tenant was not at fault for the FTT's failure to serve the landlords, and noted that the tenant may, if she wishes, pursue her application by applying to the FTT for directions to continue the claim.